This course enables students to enhance their understanding of concepts in biology, chemistry, earth and space science, and physics, and of the interrelationships between science, technology, society, and the environment. Students are also given opportunities to further develop their scientific investigation skills. Students will plan and conduct investigations and develop their understanding of scientific theories related to the connections between cells and systems in animals and plants; chemical reactions, with a particular focus on acid–base reactions; forces that affect climate and climate change; and the interaction of light and matter.

Prerequisite: Grade 9 Science, Academic or Applied

Description:

This course introduces students to the fundamental principles and procedures of accounting. Students will develop financial analysis and decision-making skills that will assist them in future studies and/or career opportunities in business. Students will acquire an understanding of accounting for a service and a merchandising business, computerized accounting, financial analysis, and ethics and current issues in accounting.

Prerequisite: None

This course enables students to consolidate, and continue to develop, an understanding of mathematical concepts related to number sense and operations, algebra, measurement, geometry, data, probability, and financial literacy. Students will use mathematical processes, mathematical modelling, and coding to make sense of the mathematics they are learning and to apply their understanding to culturally responsive and relevant real-world situations. Students will continue to enhance their mathematical reasoning skills, including proportional reasoning, spatial reasoning, and algebraic reasoning, as they solve problems and communicate their thinking.

This course enables students to develop their understanding of basic concepts in biology, chemistry, earth and space science, and physics, and to relate science to technology, society, and the environment. Throughout the course, students will develop their skills in the processes of scientific investigation. Students will acquire an understanding of scientific theories and conduct investigations related to sustainable ecosystems; atomic and molecular structures and the properties of elements and compounds; the study of the universe and its properties and components; and the principles of electricity.

This course enables students to continue to develop and consolidate the foundational knowledge and skills that they need for reading, writing, and oral and visual communication. Throughout the course, students will continue to enhance their media literacy and critical literacy skills, and to develop and apply transferable skills, including digital literacy. Students will also make connections to their lived experiences and to society and increase their understanding of the importance of language and literacy across the curriculum.

Prerequisite: None

Course Description

This course enables students to broaden their understanding of relationships and extend their problem-solving and algebraic skills though investigation, the effective use of technology, and abstract reasoning. Students will explore quadratic relations and their applications; solve and apply linear systems; verify properties of geometric figures using analytic geometry, and investigate the trigonometry of right and acute triangles. Students will reason mathematically and communicate their thinking as they solve multi-step problems. 98

Prerequisite: Grade 9 Mathematics, DE-streamed (2021), or Grade 9 Principles of Mathematics, Academic,  MPM1D (2005)

This course is designed to extend the range of oral communication, reading, writing, and media literacy skills that students need for success in their secondary school academic programs and in their daily lives. Students will analyse literary texts from contemporary and historical periods, interpret and evaluate informational and graphic texts, and create oral, written, and media texts in a variety of forms. An important focus will be on the selective use of strategies that contribute to effective communication. This course is intended to prepare students for the compulsory Grade 11 university or college preparation course.

Course Description:
This course enables students to deepen their understanding of chemistry through the study of matter, energy, and the quantitative relationships in chemical systems. Students will explore the properties of solutions and gases, chemical reactions, and atomic and molecular structures. Emphasis is placed on the use of quantitative analysis and mathematical relationships to solve problems, and on the role of chemistry in daily life and technology. Students will also develop laboratory techniques, inquiry skills, and communication skills while investigating chemical concepts and processes.

Prerequisite:
Science, Grade 10, Academic (SNC2D)

Strands & Topics Covered:

• Matter, Chemical Trends, and Chemical Bonding – Periodic table, atomic structure, bonding theories, and molecular geometry.

• Chemical Reactions – Types of reactions, balancing equations, energy changes, and reaction applications.

• Quantities in Chemical Reactions – Mole concept, stoichiometry, limiting reagents, and percent yield.

• Solutions and Solubility – Properties of solutions, concentration, solubility curves, and qualitative/quantitative solution analysis.

• Gases and Atmospheric Chemistry – Gas laws, kinetic molecular theory, applications in real-world contexts, and environmental impact.

Course Format:

• A mix of theory, lab investigations, and problem-solving exercises.

• Strong focus on inquiry skills, safe lab practices, and scientific communication.

• Integration of real-world applications to connect chemistry with technology, health, and the environment.

Credit Value: 1.0
Type: University Preparation

Course Description:
This course develops students’ understanding of the basic concepts of physics. Students will explore the laws of dynamics and energy transformations, the properties of mechanical waves and sound, and the behavior of electricity and magnetism. Emphasis is placed on the analysis of the relationships between physics and technology, and on the connections between scientific knowledge and society. Students will enhance their problem-solving and critical-thinking skills by applying their knowledge of physics to both familiar and new situations. They will also refine their ability to communicate scientific information through discussions, written work, and lab reports.

Prerequisite:
Science, Grade 10, Academic (SNC2D)

Strands & Topics Covered:

• Kinematics – Motion in one and two dimensions, vectors, velocity, acceleration.

• Forces – Newton’s laws, friction, forces in two dimensions, applications of dynamics.

• Energy and Society – Work, energy transformations, power, efficiency, energy conservation.

• Waves and Sound – Properties of waves, sound transmission, resonance, and real-world applications.

• Electricity and Magnetism – Electric fields, current, potential difference, Ohm’s law, series and parallel circuits, electromagnetism.

Course Format:

• Strong focus on inquiry-based investigations, hands-on experiments, and the application of mathematical analysis.

• Students develop skills in data collection, interpretation, and communication of scientific findings.

• Real-world contexts and connections to modern technology are highlighted throughout the course.

Credit Value: 1.0
Type: University Preparation

Description: 

This course furthers students’ understanding of the processes that occur in biological systems. Students will study theory and conduct investigations in the areas of biodiversity; evolution; genetic processes; the structure and function of animals; and the anatomy, growth, and function of plants. The course focuses on the theoretical aspects of the topics under study, and helps students refine skills related to scientific investigation.

Prerequisite: Science, Grade 10, Academic

Description:

This course emphasizes the development of literacy, communication, and critical and creative thinking skills necessary for success in academic and daily life. Students will analyse challenging literary texts from various periods, countries, and cultures, as well as a range of informational and graphic texts, and create oral, written, and media texts in a variety of forms. An important focus will be on using language with precision and clarity and incorporating stylistic devices appropriately and effectively. The course is intended to prepare students for the compulsory Grade 12 university or college preparation course.

Prerequisite: English, Grade 10, Academic

Description: 

This course introduces the mathematical concept of the function by extending students’ experiences with linear and quadratic relations. Students will investigate properties of discrete and continuous functions, including trigonometric and exponential functions; represent functions numerically, algebraically, and graphically; solve problems involving applications of functions; investigate inverse functions; and develop facility in determining equivalent algebraic expressions. Students will reason mathematically and communicate their thinking as they solve multi-step problems.

Prerequisite: Principles of Mathematics, Grade 10, Academic